Stonehenge

The Stonehenge Enigma

Few monuments of the ancient world evoke greater feelings of myth, mystery and fable, than the ancient megalith of Stonehenge. Situated towards the summit of a nondescript slope some 330 feet above sea level, in the midst of the swathe of chalk that forms Salisbury plain, and some nine miles from the town of Salisbury, Stonehenge has been an enigma since before the dawn of recorded history. Called by archaeologist Aubrey Burl, `a maverick, and a megalithic oddity´1, and `the skeletons of a prehistoric belief system´ 2 by Robin Heath, these two quotations are at opposite ends of the diverse spectrum of opinion that this silent ring conjures up. A diversity of belief that has been driven since time immemorial by a human need for wonder, which is a pole apart from the scientific pragmatism claimed by most authors.

Myth and fantasy are the stuff of legend, and Stonehenge is quintessentially legendary, making any analysis of it arguable, and sensible debate unlikely. Fashions change, ideas evolve and argument about its purpose rages, whilst archaeology nibbles away at our preconceptions, only to replace them with others. The whole history of Stonehenge is consequently carpeted with controversy, which is aptly summarised by Jacqie McKinley, a specialist in human remains, by her wry comment that archaeologist's are in the business of destroying one myth and creating another.3 Therefore any fresh opinion on Stonehenge is as likely to be considered a self-fulfilling myth, as an objective statement of fact. Yet the passage of time sometimes turns myth into reality, and reality into myth.

The unequivocal evidence of the `ring structures´ at Stonehenge clearly shows a long activity at the site, with separate rings being erected over a period in excess of 1400 years. The current view of archaeology is that this sequence of constructional activity was random, and had no cohesive plan. All of it deriving from a dubious rationalization that if one sequence of rings is proven to be later than another, then nothing must have existed before it was erected. If however the latter sequence was erected in exactly the same place as an earlier structure, little if any evidence of the former would remain. Similarly, if successive phases of the monument were complementary, then the dating sequence becomes an abstraction that serves only to deviate from the heart of the matter. This work aims to demonstrate that far from being a hotchpotch of arbitrarily erected stone and wooden post circles, Stonehenge was a purposeful and complete geometric structure based on an overall simple, but esoteric plan, that was in itself, far from being unique.

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1      Burl, A., (1989), The Stonehenge People, Barrie & Jenkins, London. p1

2      Heath, R. A., (1999), Beginners guide to Stone Circles, Hodder & Stoughton, London.

3      Pitts, M., (2001), Hengeworld, Arrow Books, London. p 301

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